Rabu, 13 November 2013
Using the present perfect
How to form the present perfect
To make the positive present perfect tense, use:
• 'have' / 'has' + the past participle
• Make the past participle by adding 'ed' to regular verbs (for example, 'play' becomes 'played')
• There are a few verbs that change their spelling when you add 'ed' (for example, 'study' becomes 'studied')
• We also have some completely irregular verb
When should we use the present perfect tense?
We use this tense for unfinished and finished actions:
Unfinished Actions
We use this tense when we want to talk about unfinished actions that started in the past and continue to the present. Usually we use it to say 'how long' an action or state has continued with 'since' and 'for'. Often, we use stative verbs in this situation:
• I've known Karen since 1994.
• She's lived in London for three years.
'Since' and 'For'
We use 'since' with a fixed time in the past (2004, April 23rd, last year, two hours ago). The fixed time can be another action, indicated with the past simple (since I was at school, since I arrived):
• I've known Sam since 1992.
• I've liked chocolate since I was a child.
• She's been here since 2pm.
We use 'for' with a period of time (2 hours, three years, six months):
• I've known Julie for ten years.
• I've been hungry for hours.
• She's had a cold for a week.
Finished Actions
1: Life experience
(we don't say when the experience happened, just sometime in the past)
• I have been to Tokyo.
• She has lived in Germany.
• They have visited Paris three times.
• We have never seen that film.
• Have you ever read 'War and Peace'?
2: A finished action with a result in the present (focus on result)
• I've lost my keys (so I can't get into my house).
• She's hurt her leg (so she can't play tennis today).
• They've missed the bus (so they will be late).
• I've cooked dinner (so you should come and eat).
3: With an unfinished time word (this month, this week, today, in the last year)
• I haven't seen her this month.
• She's drunk three cups of coffee today.
• This week they've been shopping four times.
Note: We can't use the present perfect with a finished time word:
• I've seen him yesterday.
'Been' and 'Gone'
In this tense, we use both 'been' and 'gone' as the past participle of 'go', but in slightly different circumstances.
Been
We use 'been' (often when we talk about 'life experience') to mean that the person being talked about has visited the place, and come back. Notice the preposition 'to':
• I've been to Paris (in my life, but now I'm in London, where I live).
• She has been to school today (but now she's back at home).
• They have never been to California.
Gone
We use 'gone' (often when we are talking about an action with a result in the present) to mean that the person is at the place now:
• 'Where's John?' 'He's gone to the shops' (he's at the shops now).
• Julie has gone to Mexico (now she's in Mexico).
• They've gone to Japan for three weeks (now they're in Japan).
Indonesia accepts FIFA ban on national coach
The Jakarta Post | Thu, 04/19/2012 1:13 PM
Aji Santoso: (Tribunnews.com)
Indonesia coach Aji Santoso has been banned for four games and fined by FIFA for accusing match officials of taking bribes during a 10-0 loss to Bahrain in World Cup qualifying
The Indonesian Football Association and Santoso said on Wednesday they accepted the punishments but didn't rule out an appeal. Santoso, now coaching the national under-23 side, was fined $6,530.
Santoso was red-carded by Lebanese referee Andre Al Haddad in the 75th minute of February's match in Manama following allegations he accused Al Haddad of being bribed.
FIFA said Santoso told the officials “(there is) money involved (here).”
In the second minute, Al Haddad sent off Indonesia's goalkeeper and awarded four penalties to Bahrain, which needed to make up a nine-goal deficit on Qatar to have a chance of advancing to the next round.
However, Qatar drew 2-2 with Iran, and those two advanced.
FIFA called the outcome "unusual" and launched an investigation.
Indonesia was warned by FIFA before the match to send its strongest team, but an inexperienced team was selected after Indonesia suspended players from clubs in the breakaway Indonesian Super League.
Edi Ellison, the spokesman for the Indonesian association, said they will wait to decide on an appeal after the result of FIFA's probe.
Because of the loss to Bahrain and the breakaway league, the government was planning to cut funding to the association.
Sumber :
http://www.thejakartapost.com/news/2012/04/19/indonesia-accepts-fifa-ban-national-coach.html
Explanations:
1. Indonesia coach Aji Santoso has been banned for four games and fined by FIFA for accusing match officials of taking bribes during a 10-0 loss to Bahrain in World Cup qualifying.
Kalimat Passive Voice di atas masuk kedalam bagian Present Perfect.
2. Santoso was red-carded by Lebanese referee Andre Al Haddad in the 75th minute of February's match in Manama following allegations he accused Al Haddad of being bribed.
Kalimat Passive Voice di atas masuk kedalam bagian Simple Past.
3. FIFA said Santoso told the officials “(there is) money involved (here).”
Kalimat Passive Voice di atas masuk kedalam bagian Simple Present.
Jumat, 01 November 2013
Frankfurt Book Fair (Germany)
Minggu, 13 Oktober 2013
Senin, 12 Agustus 2013
Senin, 24 Juni 2013
Selasa, 04 Juni 2013
APPLICATION LETTER
June 10, 2013
Personnel Department Manager
PT Angin Ribut
23 Jl. Kempek-Pegagan
Jakarta, 17421
PT Angin Ribut
23 Jl. Kempek-Pegagan
Jakarta, 17421
Dear Sir,
Subject: Application Letter
Reading your advertisement on KOMPAS
Daily, dated June 5, 2013, I am interested to apply for the position on Credit
Marketing Officer (CMO) you offer.
I am 21 years of age and I graduated
from Mechanical Technique Faculty, Gunadarma University, Bekasi, Majoring in
Metallurgy.
I have an excellent health, high
motivation, good communication skill, computer skill, creative, high loyalty,
integrity, I am ready to work hard, motorcycle, SIM C and highly motivated to
works every where.
Hopefully, you could consider my
application and I am looking forward to hearing from you.
Yours faithfully,
Novy Tania, ST
ORDER LETTER
Luxury
Blossom Corporation
Jln.
Kyai Maja ,Kebayoran Lama 17421
Jakarta
selatan, Indonesia
Tania Aldira
General Manager
PT. Luxury Blossom
Jakarta Selatan
May 12, 2013
To:
Vini Hardiani
The
Manager of
PT.
Acer
Indonesia
When we attend a convention center in Senayan Jakarta two weeks ago, we visited your booth and we are very interested in your product type AOP531H the Acer laptop. We are very interested in the specifications for the laptop. At the time of demonstrations like processor speed performance and we were quite satisfied with the performance given. Reliable quality for the long term. We believe that the consumer market is ready to accept the presence of this laptop especially in the student.
Our store has many branches already a well recognized name in the ranks of computer stores. We wanted to order about 100 units laptop for sale in our store. Our store address is located on Jl. No. New town. 99, tel. 02,122,109,861.
We are very happy if your company can work with us. So we made this reservation letter.
MEMO
MEMO
To :
Vini Hardiani
From
: Novy Tania
public
relation Manager
Subject
: Press Conference of the Concert
Date
: June 11st, 2013
Please attend the preps conference at plaza Indonesia on Thursday, June 14st.
2013 at 11 a.m. On behalf of the choreographer team. Cover everything you need
for the conference by yourself.
Minggu, 12 Mei 2013
COMPLAINING LETTER
Luxury
Blossom Corporation
Jln.
Kyai Maja ,Kebayoran Lama 17421
Jakarta
selatan, Indonesia
Tania
Aldira
General
Manager
PT.
Luxury Blossom
Jakarta
Selatan
May
12, 2013
Vini Hardiani
The Manager of
PT. Gucci Bagus
P.O.BOX 211121
Denpasar, Bali
Indonesia
Dear Mrs. Vini Hardiani
We have ordered 10 gucci
on May 10th 2013. And I have receive that yesterday on May 12th
2013. I regret that all of the Gucci were broken.
The package containing
the Gucci was look good, but when it was unpacking, all of the Gucci was
broken.
I’m very disappointed
because this case.
To resolve the problem, I
would appreciate your action to exchange the Gucci of give back my money. I have
enclosed the copy of buyer document, and guarantees.
I look forward to your
reply and solution for my problem until 15th of June 2013. Please contact
me at the above address or by phone (08960-xxxx)
Sincerely,
Mrs Tania Aldira
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